Clothes moths

Definition

A vernacular collective term for small moths in the family Tineidae whose larvae feed on animal-derived keratinous materials, including wool, fur, feathers, hair, and stored organic textiles. The group is defined ecologically rather than taxonomically; principal pest species include the webbing clothes moth (Tineola bisselliella), the casemaking clothes moth (Tinea pellionella), and several related tineids such as Niditinea fuscella and Monopis crocicapitella. Larvae typically construct silk galleries or portable cases incorporating debris and fibers, and thrive in dark, undisturbed environments with high humidity.

Etymology

From the larval habit of feeding on stored woolen clothing and textiles; 'moth' from Old English moththe.

Example

Tineola bisselliella larvae can reduce a wool garment to scattered frass and bare weave in a single season if the item remains folded in dark storage; adult moths do not feed and are seldom seen because they avoid light.

Synonyms

• clothes-moth pests
• keratin-feeding tineids
• textile moths

Related Terms

• Tineidae
• keratinophagy
• stored-product entomology
• webbing clothes moth
• casemaking clothes moth
• larval case
• Frass
• Integrated Pest Management

Usage Notes

Not a formal taxonomic group; specialists distinguish species by larval behavior (case-making versus web-spinning) and damage patterns. Often confused with food-infesting pyralid moths (e.g., Indianmeal moth), which have different biology and require different control measures. Prevention emphasizes cleaning, sealing storage, humidity control, and targeted pheromone monitoring rather than broad insecticide application.