Aphrophoridae

Definition

A family of spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) containing at least 160 genera and approximately 990 described species. Aphrophoridae nymphs produce the frothy 'spittle' masses that give the group its common name, using the foam for concealment, moisture retention, and protection from predators. Adults are typically robust, dull-colored insects with enlarged hind femora adapted for jumping.

Etymology

From Greek aphros 'foam' + phoros 'bearing', referring to the spittle-producing nymphs.

Example

The meadow spittlebug Philaenus spumarius (Aphrophoridae) is a widespread Palearctic species whose nymphs form conspicuous foam masses on herbaceous plants; the species has gained attention as a vector of the plant pathogen Xylella fastidiosa.

Synonyms

• spittlebug family

Related Terms

• Cercopidae
• Auchenorrhyncha
• Hemiptera
• spittle
• xylem feeder
• Philaenus spumarius

Usage Notes

Sometimes treated as a subfamily (Aphrophorinae) within Cercopidae in older classifications; modern molecular phylogenetics generally supports family rank. Distinguished from Cercopidae (froghoppers) by more elongate body form and different head structure in adults, though nymphal foam production occurs in both groups.