Oecobiidae

Common Name

Wall spiders, Flatmesh weavers

Overview

The Oecobiidae family includes small to medium-sized spiders that are often observed on the walls of buildings or under stones. They are recognized for their unique web structures and their distinctive flat, disc-like shape.

Taxonomy

Key Characteristics

  • Size : Small spiders usually ranging from 2-5 mm in body length.
  • Coloration : Generally yellowish to brown, with some species having darker markings.
  • Body Shape : Flattened body with a disc-shaped appearance; a characteristic that aids in their lifestyle.
  • Eyes : Eight eyes arranged in two rows.
  • Webs : They produce small, irregular flat webs often described as 'flatmesh.'

Life Cycle

  • Egg Stage : Females lay eggs in silken sacs within their web structures.
  • Spiderlings : Hatch from eggs and remain in the mother's web for a short time.
  • Maturation : Spiderlings molt several times before reaching adulthood.
  • Adult Stage : Adults reproduce and continue the cycle.

Behavior and Ecology

Oecobiidae spiders are primarily nocturnal, coming out to hunt and build webs at night. They capture prey by luring them onto their sticky, irregular webs. They are adapted to life on flat surfaces such as walls and rocks.

Notable Species

  • Oecobius navus : A widely spread species often found in homes.
  • Oecobiella hexacta : Known for having six spinnerets, a distinctive feature within the family.

Conservation

Oecobiidae spiders generally do not face significant threats and are often found in synanthropic environments, living close to human habitation which provides them a degree of habitat stability.

Significance to Humans

While they are not harmful to humans, their presence can indicate a well-balanced ecosystem. They help control insect populations by preying on flies and other small insects.

Fun Facts

  • Oecobiidae spiders are often observed cleaning their webs meticulously.
  • The unique disc-like appearance aids them in staying close to surfaces, making it difficult for predators to catch them.
  • They have a special behavior known as "circle-hunting," where they circle around their prey trapped in the web.
  • The shy nature of these spiders means they are rarely seen despite being fairly common in many habitats.