Lasiocampidae

Common Name

Eggars, Snout Moths, or Lappet Moths

Overview

Lasiocampidae is a family of moths known for their robust, hairy bodies and their habit of folding their wings roof-like over their bodies when at rest. The family comprises over 2,000 species found worldwide, with a significant diversity in tropical and temperate regions.

Taxonomy

Key Characteristics

  • Body : Stout and hairy
  • Wings : Broad with a tendency to fold over the body at rest
  • Antennae : Typically feathery, especially in males
  • Larvae : Often covered in long hairs, some with distinctive color patterns

Life Cycle

  1. Egg : Laid in clusters on host plants
  2. Larva (caterpillar) : Often hairy, feeding on foliage
  3. Pupa : Typically in a cocoon, which can be spun within leaves or underground
  4. Adult : Emerge from pupae, live primarily to reproduce

Behavior and Ecology

Lasiocampidae larvae are generalist feeders and can be found on a variety of host plants, including trees and shrubs. They are often solitary feeders but can occasionally be found in groups. Some species create communal nests. Adults are typically nocturnal and are not strong fliers.

Notable Species

  • Malacosoma americanum (Eastern Tent Caterpillar)
  • Eriogaster lanestris (Small Eggar)
  • Gastropacha quercifolia (Lappet Moth)
  • Dendrolimus pini (Pine-tree Lappet Moth)

Conservation

Most species within the family are not of significant conservation concern. However, habitat destruction and climate change could impact some specialized species. Monitoring and habitat conservation are essential.

Significance to Humans

  • Positive : Some Lasiocampidae, like the Eastern Tent Caterpillar, are important for their role in natural forest ecology.
  • Negative : Some species can become pests, defoliating ornamental and economically important trees.

Fun Facts

  • Lifecycle length : Some species in this family can take multiple years to complete their life cycle.
  • Adaptation : The heavy body and hairy structure help them reduce water loss.
  • Defensive Mechanism : Larvae often have urticating hairs to deter predators.
  • Coloration : Many species exhibit cryptic coloration, blending into their surroundings quite effectively.