Henicopidae

Common Name

Henicopid centipedes

Overview

Henicopidae, commonly known as henicopid centipedes, belong to the order Lithobiomorpha. These small to medium-sized centipedes are widely found in various habitats around the world. They are known for their agile movements and can often be seen scurrying under rocks and logs.

Taxonomy

• Kingdom : Animalia
• Phylum : Arthropoda
• Class : Chilopoda
• Order : Lithobiomorpha
• Family : Henicopidae

Key Characteristics

• Body Shape : Flattened, elongate body
• Body Segments : Typically 15 pairs of legs in adults
• Antennae : Long and multi-segmented
• Eyes : Simple ocelli clustered on the sides of the head
• Coloration : Various, often brownish or yellowish

Life Cycle

Henicopid centipedes undergo anamorphosis, where they hatch with fewer leg-bearing segments and gain more as they molt and mature. They do not undergo a complete metamorphosis like some insects but grow gradually with each molt until reaching adulthood.

Behavior and Ecology

Henicopid centipedes are predominantly nocturnal predators. They hunt small invertebrates such as insects and other arthropods. Their flattened bodies allow them to navigate through leaf litter, under stones, and in decaying wood. They use their venomous forcipules to subdue prey.

Notable Species

• Henicops maculatus : Commonly found in forested regions of New Zealand, noted for its adaptable nature to various microhabitats.
• Lamyctes coeculus : Distributed globally, often found in moist environments and showing a high degree of adaptability to varying conditions.

Conservation

Generally, henicopid centipedes are not considered endangered. However, like many soil-dwelling invertebrates, they are sensitive to environmental changes such as habitat destruction and pollution. Conservation efforts that preserve habitat quality benefit their populations.

Significance to Humans

Henicopid centipedes play a vital role in natural pest control by preying on various invertebrates. They contribute to the ecological balance by maintaining invertebrate populations. They are harmless to humans and are not known to cause any significant harm.

Fun Facts

• Henicopid centipedes can quickly dart away when disturbed, making them difficult to capture.
• They possess the ability to regenerate lost legs, though the new legs may be shorter or thinner.
• Despite their fearsome appearance, their venom is mild and not dangerous to humans.
• Some species exhibit interesting parental care, with females guarding their eggs until they hatch.