Dalceridae

Common Name

Jewel Caterpillars

Overview

The family Dalceridae, often referred to as jewel caterpillars, is known for its brilliantly colored larvae. These moths belong to the order Lepidoptera and are most diverse in the Neotropical regions, although some species are found in North America.

Taxonomy

Key Characteristics

  • Their larvae have unique, gelatinous, and often transparent bodies that glimmer like jewels.
  • Adult moths are typically small with exuberant patterns and colors.
  • Larvae secrete a sticky substance, potentially as a defense against predators.

Life Cycle

  • Egg: Laid singly or in small clusters on host plants.
  • Larva: Pass through several instar stages, marked by the characteristic gel-like appearance.
  • Pupa: Pupation typically occurs within a silk cocoon.
  • Adult: Emerges after pupal stage, usually leading a brief life aimed at reproduction.

Behavior and Ecology

  • Jewel caterpillars are primarily found in forested areas where their host plants are abundant.
  • They feed on a variety of plants including trees and shrubs.
  • Their gelatinous coating helps camouflage them against predators and parasites.
  • Adults are nocturnal and attracted to light sources.

Notable Species

  • Dalcerides ingenita: Found in North America, notable for its wide distribution.
  • Acraga coa: Known for its vibrant, almost otherworldly appearance as a caterpillar.
  • Paracraga aellophora: Features distinct, large gelatinous spines.

Conservation

  • Data on their conservation status is limited.
  • Habitat loss poses the biggest threat to many species within this family.

Significance to Humans

  • They have little direct impact on human activities.
  • Their unique appearance has garnered interest among entomologists and nature enthusiasts.

Fun Facts

  • Juvenile jewel caterpillars can often look like droplets of candy, earning them the nickname "gummy bear caterpillars."
  • Unlike many caterpillars, some Dalceridae larvae can secrete a substance that aids in defending against ants and other insect predators.
  • Jewel caterpillars are sometimes mistaken for glass sculptures because of their transparency and glistening appearance.
  • The family Dalceridae was first described in 1857 by the French entomologist Achille Guenée.