Celyphidae

Common Name

Sun flies or beetle flies

Overview

Celyphidae, often known as sun flies or beetle flies, are a small family of Diptera characterized by their distinctive, shield-like thoracic structure. These insects are primarily found in tropical and subtropical regions and are notable for their unusual appearance.

Taxonomy

Key Characteristics

  • Thoracic Shield : The most conspicuous feature, resembling a beetle's elytra, which is actually the enlarged scutellum.
  • Size : Small to medium, usually around 3-5 mm in length.
  • Wings : Membranous wings often tucked beneath the shield-like thoracic structure.
  • Coloration : Often metallic and iridescent, contributing to their common name "sun flies."

Life Cycle

  • Eggs : Laid in decaying vegetation.
  • Larvae : Develop in moist, decaying plant matter.
  • Pupae : Pupation occurs in the substrate.
  • Adults : Emerge from pupae and are typically found in sunny areas, often on leaves.

Behavior and Ecology

Sun flies are frequently found in moist, decaying vegetation where they lay their eggs. Adults are often seen basking in the sun, hence their common name. They play a role in the decomposition of organic matter and contribute to soil nutrient cycling.

Notable Species

  • Celyphus obtectus : Perhaps the best-known species, commonly found in Southeast Asia.
  • Celyphus aeneus : Another species distinguished by its iridescent green thoracic shield.

Conservation

Currently, no Celyphidae species are known to be under threat. However, their habitats in tropical and subtropical regions are often subject to deforestation and habitat loss, which could impact their populations in the future.

Significance to Humans

Celyphidae do not have significant direct impacts on human activities. However, they are interesting to entomologists due to their unique morphology and ecological roles.

Fun Facts

  • Sun flies get their name from their propensity to bask in sunlight, which enhances their metallic sheen.
  • The shield-like structure on their back can often be mistaken for beetle wings.
  • Despite their beetle-like appearance, they are true flies, as indicated by their single pair of functional wings.
  • They are largely found in Southeast Asia, making them less known outside entomological circles.