Bombyliidae

Common Name

BeeFlies

Overview

The family Bombyliidae, commonly known as bee flies, encompasses a diverse range of flies that are often mistaken for bees due to their striking resemblance. They are known for their role in pollination and their parasitoidal larval stage.

Taxonomy

Key Characteristics

  • Morphology : Bee flies possess hairy bodies and long, slender legs. Their wings often have dark markings and they hold them in a characteristic V-shape when at rest.
  • Antennae : Short and three-segmented with a small bristle-like structure called an arista.
  • Mouthparts : Adapted for feeding on nectar with a proboscis that can be very elongated.

Life Cycle

  1. Egg : Females lay eggs near or into the nests of host insects.
  2. Larva : Larvae are parasitoids, primarily of solitary bees and wasps. They consume the host’s larvae or provisions.
  3. Pupa : Larvae pupate within the host nest.
  4. Adult : Emerge and feed on nectar, contributing to pollination.

Behavior and Ecology

  • Feeding : Adults predominantly feed on nectar using their long proboscis.
  • Pollination : Serve as important pollinators for various flowering plants.
  • Habitat : Found in various habitats including forests, meadows, and arid regions.
  • Parasitism : Larvae parasitize other insects, mainly solitary bees and wasps, which aids in controlling their populations.

Notable Species

  • Bombylius major : Known as the large bee-fly, frequently seen in gardens.
  • Anthrax trifasciatus : Recognized for its distinct wing pattern and parasitizing bee larvae.

Conservation

Bee flies are not generally considered at risk. Their conservation status varies by species and region, but habitat destruction affects their populations.

Significance to Humans

Bee flies are crucial pollinators and contribute to the control of certain insect populations through their parasitic larvae. They also serve as a model for studying insect parasitism and pollination biology.

Fun Facts

  • Bombyliidae can hover in the air similar to a hummingbird while feeding on nectar.
  • Some species can mimic the buzzing sound of bees.
  • The proboscis of some bee flies can be longer than their body.
  • The adult bee fly's wings are often held open at a V-shaped angle which helps in quick take-offs.
  • They are often one of the first pollinators to appear in spring.